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Kalina process (geothermal)
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Technology Description
Kalina cycle is one cycle option to use low-temperature geothermal resources, typically operating with temperatures varying from as low as 73°C to 180°C. The heat is recovered from the geothermal fluid using heat exchangers to vaporise a working fluid with a low boiling point (ammonia-water mixture) and drive a turbine.
Relevance for Net Zero
Enables the use of low-temperature heat sources, but deployment opportunities depend on local potential.
Key Countries
Germany, Iceland, Japan
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