High capture rates (steam reforming)
5-6
Technology Description
Steam methane reformation is a catalytic reaction in which CH4 reacts with high temperature (800 °C) steam to generate H2 and CO (syngas). This process requires an external input of heat, which leads to lower efficiencies and a diluted CO2 stream which is costly to capture. The reforming process is followed by a water gas shift process in which the CO reacts with water at lower temperatures to generate more H2 and CO2. Then, CO2 is captured and a stream of high-purity H2 is obtained. When capture is applied to both the CO2-concentrated process stream and the diluted stream produced in the reformer, capture rates above 90% can be achieved.
Relevance for Net Zero
Steam methane reforming with CCUS and high capture rates can decrease significantly the CO2 emissions associated with hydrogen production and should play an important role in net zero pathways, both for retrofitting CCUS in operative reformers and for the creation of new production capacities, as long as the CO2 is permamently stored and upstream emissions of the fuel supply are minimised or completely avoided
Key Countries
Canada, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, United States
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